Association of demographic variables with Forman Parkinson’s disease Symptom checklist (FPDSC) among Pakistani patients of Parkinson’s disease.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by hallmark symptoms, such as resting tremors, bradykinesia (slowness of movement), rigidity, postural instability, and various motor and non-motor impairments (DeMaagd & Philip, 2015; Golbe et al., 2012; Jankovic & Tan, 2020). This study aimed to explore risk factors associated with PD within a Lahore-based population. A purposive sample of 100 participants (87% male, 13% female), aged 20 to 80 years (M = 20, SD = 14.04), diagnosed by medical professionals, was assessed using the Forman Parkinson’s Disease Symptom Checklist (FPDSC) (Akram & Suneel, 2021). Contrary to prior findings in Pakistan (e.g., Tufail, 2020), no significant differences were observed in symptom checklist results across demographic variables. The two factors were named motor symptoms and non-motor symptoms respectively and had adequate psychometric properties.