Psychological Problems and its Association to Other Symptoms in Menopausal Transition
Received 24 Mar, 2017 |
Accepted 31 Oct, 2018 |
Published 31 Dec, 2018 |
This study investigated the association among stress, anxiety, and depression in menopause transition. Moreover, to assess how other menopausal symptoms contribute to elevate stress, anxiety, and depression in Pakistani women, 150 female participants (Premenopausal, n = 57; Perimenopausal, n = 33; Postmenopausal, n = 60) with menopausal complaints were recruited from various public and private hospitals, at their respective gynaecological wards in Peshawar, Rawalpindi, and Islamabad, Pakistan, in 2015. Participants’ age ranged from 40 to 60 years (M = 47.44; SD = 5.40). Purposive-convenient sampling and a cross-sectional design were employed. Two instruments, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (Lovibond & Lovibond, 1995) and Bradford Somatic Inventory (Mumford et al., 1991) were used to measure somatic symptoms, stress, anxiety, and depression in women with menopausal symptoms. Findings demonstrated that head symptom significantly positively predicted psychological problems such as stress and depression for women with perimenopause. Moreover, it also significantly positively predicted anxiety for postmenopausal women. Results also demonstrated that chest symptom significantly positively predicted psychological problems like anxiety for perimenopausal women. Results further revealed that fatigue symptom significantly positively predicted depression and stress in premenopausal women. Additionally, findings showed that panic symptoms significantly positively predicted anxiety and depression for postmenopausal women.
How to Cite this paper?
APA-7 Style
Aqeel,
M., Arbab,
K.B., Akhtar,
T. (2018). Psychological Problems and its Association to Other Symptoms in Menopausal Transition. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research, 33(2), 507-519. https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/abstract.php?id=142
ACS Style
Aqeel,
M.; Arbab,
K.B.; Akhtar,
T. Psychological Problems and its Association to Other Symptoms in Menopausal Transition. Pak. J. Psychol. Res 2018, 33, 507-519. https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/abstract.php?id=142
AMA Style
Aqeel
M, Arbab
KB, Akhtar
T. Psychological Problems and its Association to Other Symptoms in Menopausal Transition. Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research. 2018; 33(2): 507-519. https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/abstract.php?id=142
Chicago/Turabian Style
Aqeel, Muhammad, Khaula B. Arbab, and Tanvir Akhtar.
2018. "Psychological Problems and its Association to Other Symptoms in Menopausal Transition" Pakistan Journal of Psychological Research 33, no. 2: 507-519. https://pjpr.scione.com/cms/abstract.php?id=142
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.